The effects of intoxication lasted long after the booze is out of your blood system, leaving a nasty hangover, slowing reaction time and the ability to concentrate the next morning.
Too much drinking the night before leaves you feeling out of sorts the next day. Despite still feeling tired, you would think that the worst is over, that you are now quite sober and that you can carry on as usual, including driving his car.
You should think twice.
A new study has found that it is not enough to just "sleep it off" after a night of drinking. The effects of intoxication lasted long after the booze is out of the blood system, not only leaving a nasty hangover but also slowing reaction times and the ability to concentrate.
Researchers from Rhode Island and Massachusetts had found that it does not matter whether the liquor you consumed was clear or dark, the level of brain impairment would still be the same after the alcohol leaves your blood system the next morning.
The findings were based on a study carried out looking at the effects of heavy drinking by 95 young adults between the ages of 21 and 33. The subjects spent two nights at the Boston test facility.
On one night, they were given alcohol (either vodka or bourbon mixed in cola) and on the other night, they were given a placebo. The researchers determined their blood alcohol levels, sleep patterns and ability to think quickly and over a long period of time.
To approximate the effects of drinking on an empty stomach, the researcher gave test subjects a standardized meal three hours before the test drinks. The alcohol were given until the subjects reached a minimum blood alcohol level of 0.09g per cent. In the United States, 0.08g per cent is considered legally drunk.
Previous research shows that symptoms of a hangover (headache, nausea and sleepiness) usually disappear within a few hours of waking. While this study did not measure how long impaired lasted but most probably that the performance effects would be gone within a few hours later.
Vodka and bourbon are on the opposite extremes of the spectrum of alcohol purity, vodka is the most free of impurities while bourbon has the highest level - all other alcohols are somewhere in between.
Previous research had shown that the higher the level of impurities, the lousier a drinker is likely to feel the next day but this study showed that impairment was the same.
Bourbon or vodka would not make any difference, the important thing was the alcohol itself.
Subjects given alcohol the night before thought their ability to drive was as good as or better than those who were administered the placebo.
It might be a good rule of the thumb to wait until they do not feel so lousy the next morning before doing any activities that might involve operating dangerous equipment.
The researchers chose to study young adults because there are more heavy drinkers among this age group.
As a result, this finding can be applied only to people between the ages of 21 and 33.
Older adults could be affects differently for physiological reasons and experience reasons.
Saturday, January 29, 2011
Friday, January 21, 2011
Insomnia Is A Sleeping Disorder
Insomnia: Sleep Disorder > Insomnia Is A Sleeping Disorder
What Is Insomnia?
Insomnia is defined as sleeping difficulties.
Insomnia is a condition in which you have trouble falling or staying asleep.
It could not be defined
by the number of hours you able to sleep because it varies from one individuals to another. Each individual sleeping needs and practices are different.
There are two types of insomnia, it can be grouped into primary and secondary insomnia.
Primary Insomnia
Primary insomnia is a sleeping disorder that cannot be attributable to any medical (drug abuse or medications), psychiatric, or environmental cause.
• Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or non restorative sleep for a month or longer.
• Interrupted sleep. Insomnia may be chronic (ongoing) insomnia or short-term (acute) insomnia.
• Chronic (ongoing) insomnia means having symptoms at least 3 nights a week for more than a month.
Unable to fall asleep and frequently awaken during sleep.
• Short-term (acute) means having symptoms that lasts shorter than one month.
This condition often related to anxiety.
It usually happens to teenage and middle age individual.
This condition can range from mild to severe, depending on how often it occurs and for how long it last.
Some individual with insomnia may have trouble falling asleep.
Others may fall asleep easily but awaken too soon and some may have trouble with both falling asleep and staying asleep.
As a result, insomnia causes you to get too little sleep and poor quality sleep.
You will not feel refreshed when you wake up in the morning.
The most common causes of insomnia are:
• Alcohol
• Anxiety
• Coffee
• Stress
Secondary Insomnia
Secondary insomnia is the most common also called comorbid.
This type of insomnia is a symptom or a side effect of some other problem.
Secondary insomnia is caused by a medical condition.
Certain medical conditions, medicines, sleep disorders and substances are known causes of secondary insomnia.
Depression is a very common cause of secondary insomnia, this symptom causes people with depression to seek medical help.
Symptoms and signs of Insomnia
If you feel like you have not had any sleep when you wake up in the morning, this could probably be an early sign of insomnia.
The longer this condition continues so will the symptoms, both physically and mentally.
You will begin to notice that you are more irritable and not as well focused during the day.
Other symptoms and signs include,
• Difficulty falling asleep on most nights
• Feeling tired during the day or falling asleep during the day
• Not feeling refreshed when you wake up
• Waking up several times during sleep
People with insomnia keep thinking about getting enough sleep.
The more they try to sleep, the greater their sense of frustration and distress and the more difficult sleep becomes.
How to improve your sleep?
The following tips can help you improve your sleep.
• Avoid caffeine, alcohol, or nicotine before bedtime.
• Don't take daytime cat naps.
• Avoid heavy meals before bedtime.
• Exercise at least 2 hours before going to bed.
• Go to bed at the regular fixed time every night.
• Keep comfortable sleeping conditions.
• Remove all anxiety, do not watch television before bedtime.
• Use the bed only for sleep and sex.
Sleeping environment plays an important role, a prelude to a good sleep.
It should be quite, cozy and inviting.
Posted by: Mo Salle
Read The Insomnia Solution for a natural and drug free way to a good night sleep.
Read Related Articles:
• Why Do Men Feel Sleepy After Sex?
• 5 Stages Of Sleep And Sleep Disorder
• 10 Tips To Sleep Soundly Tonight
• How To Fall Asleep Quickly?
• Can Tart Cherry Juice Cure Insomnia?
• 6 Reasons Why You Snore
• 9 Causes Why You Cannot Sleep
• 5 Benefits Of Waking Up Early In The Morning
• Lack Of Sleep Can Cause Weight Gain
• How Much Of Sleep Do You Really Need?
• 3 Ways How Smoking Affect Your Sleep
Insomnia is defined as sleeping difficulties.
Insomnia is a condition in which you have trouble falling or staying asleep.
It could not be defined
by the number of hours you able to sleep because it varies from one individuals to another. Each individual sleeping needs and practices are different.
There are two types of insomnia, it can be grouped into primary and secondary insomnia.
Primary Insomnia
Primary insomnia is a sleeping disorder that cannot be attributable to any medical (drug abuse or medications), psychiatric, or environmental cause.
• Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or non restorative sleep for a month or longer.
• Interrupted sleep. Insomnia may be chronic (ongoing) insomnia or short-term (acute) insomnia.
• Chronic (ongoing) insomnia means having symptoms at least 3 nights a week for more than a month.
Unable to fall asleep and frequently awaken during sleep.
• Short-term (acute) means having symptoms that lasts shorter than one month.
This condition often related to anxiety.
It usually happens to teenage and middle age individual.
This condition can range from mild to severe, depending on how often it occurs and for how long it last.
Some individual with insomnia may have trouble falling asleep.
Others may fall asleep easily but awaken too soon and some may have trouble with both falling asleep and staying asleep.
As a result, insomnia causes you to get too little sleep and poor quality sleep.
You will not feel refreshed when you wake up in the morning.
The most common causes of insomnia are:
• Alcohol
• Anxiety
• Coffee
• Stress
Secondary Insomnia
Secondary insomnia is the most common also called comorbid.
This type of insomnia is a symptom or a side effect of some other problem.
Secondary insomnia is caused by a medical condition.
Certain medical conditions, medicines, sleep disorders and substances are known causes of secondary insomnia.
Depression is a very common cause of secondary insomnia, this symptom causes people with depression to seek medical help.
Symptoms and signs of Insomnia
If you feel like you have not had any sleep when you wake up in the morning, this could probably be an early sign of insomnia.
The longer this condition continues so will the symptoms, both physically and mentally.
You will begin to notice that you are more irritable and not as well focused during the day.
Other symptoms and signs include,
• Difficulty falling asleep on most nights
• Feeling tired during the day or falling asleep during the day
• Not feeling refreshed when you wake up
• Waking up several times during sleep
People with insomnia keep thinking about getting enough sleep.
The more they try to sleep, the greater their sense of frustration and distress and the more difficult sleep becomes.
How to improve your sleep?
The following tips can help you improve your sleep.
• Avoid caffeine, alcohol, or nicotine before bedtime.
• Don't take daytime cat naps.
• Avoid heavy meals before bedtime.
• Exercise at least 2 hours before going to bed.
• Go to bed at the regular fixed time every night.
• Keep comfortable sleeping conditions.
• Remove all anxiety, do not watch television before bedtime.
• Use the bed only for sleep and sex.
Sleeping environment plays an important role, a prelude to a good sleep.
It should be quite, cozy and inviting.
Posted by: Mo Salle
Read The Insomnia Solution for a natural and drug free way to a good night sleep.
Read Related Articles:
• Why Do Men Feel Sleepy After Sex?
• 5 Stages Of Sleep And Sleep Disorder
• 10 Tips To Sleep Soundly Tonight
• How To Fall Asleep Quickly?
• Can Tart Cherry Juice Cure Insomnia?
• 6 Reasons Why You Snore
• 9 Causes Why You Cannot Sleep
• 5 Benefits Of Waking Up Early In The Morning
• Lack Of Sleep Can Cause Weight Gain
• How Much Of Sleep Do You Really Need?
• 3 Ways How Smoking Affect Your Sleep
Monday, January 17, 2011
Learn about Viagra
Viagra is a little diamond shape blue pill manufactured by Pfizer. It has been approved by FDA and regulatory authorities in more than 20 countries for medication used in treating male impotence.
Viagra is the first effective oral therapy available to men with Erectile Dysfunction. Viagra has been used by more than 30 million men worldwide for Erectile Dysfunction.
It works simply by improving the blood flow which is by causing Vasodilatation (increased blood flow) in the arteries supplying the penis.
They are highly effective for men suffering from Erectile Dysfunction, embarrassing condition referred to as (Impotence). Erectile Dysfunction means difficulty in getting an erection hard enough for satisfying sexual intercourse.
Viagra belong to the family of drugs known as PDE-5 inhibitors and pharmacologically as Sildenafil. They have been in general use for over a decade.Despite its reputation in enhancing a men's sexual ability, they have nothing to do with man virility or male hormones like testosterone.
Viagra is not able to treat problems like Premature Ejaculation or Male Hormone Deficiency, these are conditions that have a different aetiology which needs different type of treatments.By understanding what exactly erectile dysfunction is and how viagra works. We will realised that, in the majority of men, erection difficulty arises due to defective blood flow in the arteries supplying the penis.
The famous blue pills have other uses as well, it also regulate the release of Oxytocin upon stimulation. Oxytocin is released through touch, warmth, and affectionate connection such as orgasm.
Oxytocin is created naturally by our body. It acts like a hormone, crosses the blood-brain barrier and circulates throughout the blood stream as well as in the brain to regulate the arousal level of our nervous system.
Oxytocin plays an important part in our sexual lives. Sexual intercourse creates a powerful bond and that oxytocin is released by both men and women during lovemaking. Not only is oxytocin released during orgasm, it also appears to be responsible for causing orgasms in the first place.
Sexual stimulation that increased blood flow
When you are sexually aroused and stimulated, a sequence of chemicals is released into the blood stream and at the same time leads to the release of a hormone called Cyclic GMP that dilate the blood vessels going to his penis.
The blood flows into the spongy tissues of the penis increases size of the organ, it will becomes turgid and erect.
Cyclic GMP could not last long as it will be destroyed by an enzyme called PhosphoDiEsterase or PDE. When this happen the penis will not be turgid and erect anymore.
If the action of this enzyme can be inhibited or suppressed, then the natural production of Cyclic GMP would last longer, blood flow into the penis would enhanced, and we would have a more turgid penis which means a harder erection.
This is where Viagra comes in, it suppress or inhibit the action of PDE. Viagra is known as PDE5 Inhibitors and are very effective medicines for erection problems. But viagra do not give us a spontaneous erection, it is more responsive to natural sexual stimulation and make the penis more erectable.
Sexual stimulation that increased Oxytocin
Viagra will not release the oxytocin hormone on its own but will do so upon sexual stimulation. It is released during orgasm and has been linked to sexual arousal.
Oxytocin release is regulated by an enzyme that acts like a braking system, limiting hormone release by dampening neural excitation of the cells. This same enzyme, phosphodiesterase type 5, also limits blood flow by contracting the muscles around blood vessels. The relaxing smooth muscle increases blood flow which corrects erectile dysfunction and in the posterior pituitary, the cells become more responsive.
The same stimulation will produce more oxytocin release. Oxytocin plays important roles in social interactions and reproduction including triggering uterine contractions and lactation.
Side effects
The most common side effects are headaches and facial flushing. Other reactions include nasal congestion, indigestion and back pain. These side effects are mild and temporary. The most worrying thing about Viagra pills is their ability to widen arteries enough to lower blood pressure. And men who are taking nitrates should not take Viagra pills at the same time.
Viagra is the first effective oral therapy available to men with Erectile Dysfunction. Viagra has been used by more than 30 million men worldwide for Erectile Dysfunction.
It works simply by improving the blood flow which is by causing Vasodilatation (increased blood flow) in the arteries supplying the penis.
They are highly effective for men suffering from Erectile Dysfunction, embarrassing condition referred to as (Impotence). Erectile Dysfunction means difficulty in getting an erection hard enough for satisfying sexual intercourse.
Viagra belong to the family of drugs known as PDE-5 inhibitors and pharmacologically as Sildenafil. They have been in general use for over a decade.Despite its reputation in enhancing a men's sexual ability, they have nothing to do with man virility or male hormones like testosterone.
Viagra is not able to treat problems like Premature Ejaculation or Male Hormone Deficiency, these are conditions that have a different aetiology which needs different type of treatments.By understanding what exactly erectile dysfunction is and how viagra works. We will realised that, in the majority of men, erection difficulty arises due to defective blood flow in the arteries supplying the penis.
The famous blue pills have other uses as well, it also regulate the release of Oxytocin upon stimulation. Oxytocin is released through touch, warmth, and affectionate connection such as orgasm.
Oxytocin is created naturally by our body. It acts like a hormone, crosses the blood-brain barrier and circulates throughout the blood stream as well as in the brain to regulate the arousal level of our nervous system.
Oxytocin plays an important part in our sexual lives. Sexual intercourse creates a powerful bond and that oxytocin is released by both men and women during lovemaking. Not only is oxytocin released during orgasm, it also appears to be responsible for causing orgasms in the first place.
Sexual stimulation that increased blood flow
When you are sexually aroused and stimulated, a sequence of chemicals is released into the blood stream and at the same time leads to the release of a hormone called Cyclic GMP that dilate the blood vessels going to his penis.
The blood flows into the spongy tissues of the penis increases size of the organ, it will becomes turgid and erect.
Cyclic GMP could not last long as it will be destroyed by an enzyme called PhosphoDiEsterase or PDE. When this happen the penis will not be turgid and erect anymore.
If the action of this enzyme can be inhibited or suppressed, then the natural production of Cyclic GMP would last longer, blood flow into the penis would enhanced, and we would have a more turgid penis which means a harder erection.
This is where Viagra comes in, it suppress or inhibit the action of PDE. Viagra is known as PDE5 Inhibitors and are very effective medicines for erection problems. But viagra do not give us a spontaneous erection, it is more responsive to natural sexual stimulation and make the penis more erectable.
Sexual stimulation that increased Oxytocin
Viagra will not release the oxytocin hormone on its own but will do so upon sexual stimulation. It is released during orgasm and has been linked to sexual arousal.
Oxytocin release is regulated by an enzyme that acts like a braking system, limiting hormone release by dampening neural excitation of the cells. This same enzyme, phosphodiesterase type 5, also limits blood flow by contracting the muscles around blood vessels. The relaxing smooth muscle increases blood flow which corrects erectile dysfunction and in the posterior pituitary, the cells become more responsive.
The same stimulation will produce more oxytocin release. Oxytocin plays important roles in social interactions and reproduction including triggering uterine contractions and lactation.
Side effects
The most common side effects are headaches and facial flushing. Other reactions include nasal congestion, indigestion and back pain. These side effects are mild and temporary. The most worrying thing about Viagra pills is their ability to widen arteries enough to lower blood pressure. And men who are taking nitrates should not take Viagra pills at the same time.
Sunday, January 9, 2011
Diabetes may leads to Erectile Dysfunction
Diabetes caused poor blood sugar control in your body. It is when your blood glucose or sugar levels are higher than normal.
Glucose comes from the foods that you eat. It is your body's main source of energy.
Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose from the foods that you eat to enter your cells to be converted into energy.
Diabetes is a disease when your body could not properly produce insulin. With insufficient production of insulin, the glucose cannot be converted into energy thus remains in your body.
Some glucose would be released during urination. Having too much glucose in our blood would cause serious medical problems.
Having diabetes put you at a higher risk of kidney failure, heart disease, stroke and sexual dysfunction.
Diabetes damages the nerves and causes complication in blood flow which leads to the inability to maintain and control an erection.
Even if there are enough amounts of male hormones and desire to have sex, we still would not be able to achieve firm erection.
To maintain an erection, men needs healthy blood flow, healthy nerves, enough male hormones, sexually excited and a desire to be sexually stimulated.
Erectile dysfunction is the inability to get or maintain an erection firm enough for sex.
Heart disease and diabetes are related, both cause coronary artery damage. Coronary artery disease leads to erectile dysfunction.
If you are suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED), it is advisable that you go for coronary artery damage (CAD) and diabetes screening or seek for medical advice.
Erectile dysfunction is the symptoms of coronary artery damage (CAD) and diabetes.
So to maintain a healthy sexually life you are encouraged to prevent from developing diabetes. In order to do that, you must know what causes diabetes.
Causes diabetes
The causes of diabetes are not clear. There are certain factors that may leads to diabetes and these factors are considered risk factors.
- Inherited
It is known that diabetes run in the family. If you know that your family has a history of diabetes, you should be cautious.
- Diet
High intake of carbohydrates, fats and protein can harm your body. Eat a balance and healthy diet, follow up with regular exercise.
- Obesity
Maintain your proper BMI. If you are obese, start losing weight, exercise regularly.
- Age
45 years old and above have a higher chances of developing diabetes. If you are in this age group, know all the diabetes risk factors and try to overcome it.
- Stress
Try to avoid working in a high level of stressful environment and lifestyle. Other stress includes; grief, anxiety and worries can easily develop uneven blood sugar level.
- Smokers
Smokers are highly susceptible to develop diabetes. Stop smoking immediately.
- Drugs
Drugs such as steroids and Dilantin elevate the blood sugar through a variety of mechanisms.
Other drugs, such as alloxan, streptozocin, and thiazide diuretics, are toxic to the beta cells of the pancreas and can cause diabetes.
If you have to take these drugs for medication, please take note of their effect.
In knowing these causes, you must try to overcome them so that you can enjoy our sexual activities with your spouses.
Related Articles:
Concern over Erectile Dysfunction
What is Erectile Dysfunction?
Impotence or Erectile Dysfunction
Exposure to BPA causes Erectile Dysfunction
Having a Hard Time?
Other Related Articles:
Minyak Lintah Tapa Penis Enlargement Secret in a bottle
Tongkat Ali Eurycoma Longifolia Jack
Glucose comes from the foods that you eat. It is your body's main source of energy.
Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose from the foods that you eat to enter your cells to be converted into energy.
Diabetes is a disease when your body could not properly produce insulin. With insufficient production of insulin, the glucose cannot be converted into energy thus remains in your body.
Some glucose would be released during urination. Having too much glucose in our blood would cause serious medical problems.
Having diabetes put you at a higher risk of kidney failure, heart disease, stroke and sexual dysfunction.
Diabetes damages the nerves and causes complication in blood flow which leads to the inability to maintain and control an erection.
Even if there are enough amounts of male hormones and desire to have sex, we still would not be able to achieve firm erection.
To maintain an erection, men needs healthy blood flow, healthy nerves, enough male hormones, sexually excited and a desire to be sexually stimulated.
Erectile dysfunction is the inability to get or maintain an erection firm enough for sex.
Heart disease and diabetes are related, both cause coronary artery damage. Coronary artery disease leads to erectile dysfunction.
If you are suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED), it is advisable that you go for coronary artery damage (CAD) and diabetes screening or seek for medical advice.
Erectile dysfunction is the symptoms of coronary artery damage (CAD) and diabetes.
So to maintain a healthy sexually life you are encouraged to prevent from developing diabetes. In order to do that, you must know what causes diabetes.
Causes diabetes
The causes of diabetes are not clear. There are certain factors that may leads to diabetes and these factors are considered risk factors.
- Inherited
It is known that diabetes run in the family. If you know that your family has a history of diabetes, you should be cautious.
- Diet
High intake of carbohydrates, fats and protein can harm your body. Eat a balance and healthy diet, follow up with regular exercise.
- Obesity
Maintain your proper BMI. If you are obese, start losing weight, exercise regularly.
- Age
45 years old and above have a higher chances of developing diabetes. If you are in this age group, know all the diabetes risk factors and try to overcome it.
- Stress
Try to avoid working in a high level of stressful environment and lifestyle. Other stress includes; grief, anxiety and worries can easily develop uneven blood sugar level.
- Smokers
Smokers are highly susceptible to develop diabetes. Stop smoking immediately.
- Drugs
Drugs such as steroids and Dilantin elevate the blood sugar through a variety of mechanisms.
Other drugs, such as alloxan, streptozocin, and thiazide diuretics, are toxic to the beta cells of the pancreas and can cause diabetes.
If you have to take these drugs for medication, please take note of their effect.
In knowing these causes, you must try to overcome them so that you can enjoy our sexual activities with your spouses.
Related Articles:
Concern over Erectile Dysfunction
What is Erectile Dysfunction?
Impotence or Erectile Dysfunction
Exposure to BPA causes Erectile Dysfunction
Having a Hard Time?
Other Related Articles:
Minyak Lintah Tapa Penis Enlargement Secret in a bottle
Tongkat Ali Eurycoma Longifolia Jack
Monday, January 3, 2011
Testicular Cancer the Most Common Cancer in Men
What is Testicular Cancer?
Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy among males between 15 and 40 years of age.
Testicular cancer, or cancer of the testes, is a cancer that develops in the testicles (testes), inside the scrotum. The scrotum is a loose bag of skin under the penis. Testicles are responsible for the production of male sex hormones, sperm and testosterone, a part of the male reproductive system.
The testicles are a pair of male sex glands, also known as gonads. Testicular cancer occurs when the cells become malignant (cancerous) in either one or both testicles.
Testicular cancer has one of the highest cure rates of all cancers. Even for the relatively few cases in which malignant cancer has spread widely, chemotherapy offers a cure rate of at least 85 percent today.
What are the signs and symptoms of Testicular Cancer?
The most common signs and symptoms of testicular cancer are as follows:
• a hard and painless lump or swelling in a testicle
• feeling pain or discomfort in a testicle or in the scrotum
• an enlargement of a testicle or change in the way it feels
• a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
Other symptoms include:
• lower back ache
• blood in the semen
• heavy sensation or pain in the lower abdomen or groin
• decreased sexual drive
• a sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum
• and unexplained fatigue
These symptoms can be caused by cancer or by other conditions. Not all lumps on the testicles are tumors, and not all tumors are malignant. There are many other conditions such as testicular microlithiasis, epididymal cycts, appendix testis (hydatid of Morgagni). They might be painful but are non-cancerous. It is important to see a doctor to determine the cause of any of these symptoms.
Who are at risk of Testicular Cancer?
The exact causes of testicular cancer are not known. However, studies have shown that several factors increased a man's chance of developing this disease.
The following are risk factors for developing testicular cancer:
Heredity and family history of testicular cancer
The risk for testicular cancer is likely to develop in men whose close male relative, brother or father has had the disease.
Age
Male age groups 15 – 40 years of age are the most at risk. However, older men can still develop it.
Undescended testicles (crytorchidism)
Normally, the testicles are formed inside the abdomen during foetal development and descended into the scrotum prior to birth. The risk of testicular cancer is increased in males whose testicle does not move down into the scrotum a condition known as crytorchidism. Surgery can rectify this situation but does not reduce the risk of developing testicular cancer among men with undescended testicle (crytorchidism). The increased risk applies to both testicles.
Congenital testicular abnormalities
The risk of testicular cancer is higher among men born with abnormal testicles (smaller or abnormal shaped testicles) and testicular malfunctions (klinefelter’s syndrome, where the male is born with an extra X chromosome).
Hernia in the groin area
Men born with a hernia in the groin area (inguinal hernia) have a higher risk of developing testicular cancer.
History of testicular cancer
Men who have had testicular cancer before are at risk of developing cancer in the other testicle.
Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy among males between 15 and 40 years of age.
Testicular cancer, or cancer of the testes, is a cancer that develops in the testicles (testes), inside the scrotum. The scrotum is a loose bag of skin under the penis. Testicles are responsible for the production of male sex hormones, sperm and testosterone, a part of the male reproductive system.
The testicles are a pair of male sex glands, also known as gonads. Testicular cancer occurs when the cells become malignant (cancerous) in either one or both testicles.
Testicular cancer has one of the highest cure rates of all cancers. Even for the relatively few cases in which malignant cancer has spread widely, chemotherapy offers a cure rate of at least 85 percent today.
What are the signs and symptoms of Testicular Cancer?
The most common signs and symptoms of testicular cancer are as follows:
• a hard and painless lump or swelling in a testicle
• feeling pain or discomfort in a testicle or in the scrotum
• an enlargement of a testicle or change in the way it feels
• a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
Other symptoms include:
• lower back ache
• blood in the semen
• heavy sensation or pain in the lower abdomen or groin
• decreased sexual drive
• a sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum
• and unexplained fatigue
These symptoms can be caused by cancer or by other conditions. Not all lumps on the testicles are tumors, and not all tumors are malignant. There are many other conditions such as testicular microlithiasis, epididymal cycts, appendix testis (hydatid of Morgagni). They might be painful but are non-cancerous. It is important to see a doctor to determine the cause of any of these symptoms.
Who are at risk of Testicular Cancer?
The exact causes of testicular cancer are not known. However, studies have shown that several factors increased a man's chance of developing this disease.
The following are risk factors for developing testicular cancer:
Heredity and family history of testicular cancer
The risk for testicular cancer is likely to develop in men whose close male relative, brother or father has had the disease.
Age
Male age groups 15 – 40 years of age are the most at risk. However, older men can still develop it.
Undescended testicles (crytorchidism)
Normally, the testicles are formed inside the abdomen during foetal development and descended into the scrotum prior to birth. The risk of testicular cancer is increased in males whose testicle does not move down into the scrotum a condition known as crytorchidism. Surgery can rectify this situation but does not reduce the risk of developing testicular cancer among men with undescended testicle (crytorchidism). The increased risk applies to both testicles.
Congenital testicular abnormalities
The risk of testicular cancer is higher among men born with abnormal testicles (smaller or abnormal shaped testicles) and testicular malfunctions (klinefelter’s syndrome, where the male is born with an extra X chromosome).
Hernia in the groin area
Men born with a hernia in the groin area (inguinal hernia) have a higher risk of developing testicular cancer.
History of testicular cancer
Men who have had testicular cancer before are at risk of developing cancer in the other testicle.
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